Analysis of a New Type of Concrete that Partially Replaces Cement with GGBS and Glass Powder

Abstract

With the exponential growth of industrialization, industrial by-products are also increasing day by day. One of the by-products of the steel industry is ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS). In addition, GGBS is a good cement mortar due to its durability and strength, and glass waste is a waste material that can replace cement. After 28 days, the pozzolanic reaction between cement hydration and glass powder showed that cement replacement did not affect the compressive strength of concrete. The use of GGBS and waste glass powder (WGP) is the focus of this article. In this experiment, slag (GGBS) and mineral additive (WGP) were used instead of cement by weight. To examine the differences in concrete properties, the differences between glass powder and GGBS were added to the cement. The results regarding air entrainment were compared with partial replacement of glass powder and GGBS. We examined the strength of concrete with the addition of WGP (5%, 10%, 15%, 20%& 25%) to the M40 mixture. Additional cement can be replaced with additional materials such as 40 with GGBS (5%, 10%, 15%and 20% weight cement) at the desired WGP percentage change. Splitting tensile strength, flexural strength and compressive strength tests were conducted. The tests showed that the combination with one sample had better effect than the combination model.

Introduction

This research investigates the use of waste glass powder (WGP) and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) as partial replacements for cement in M40-grade concrete, aiming to enhance mechanical properties and durability while promoting sustainability.

Key Findings:

• Glass Powder (WGP): Replacing up to 20% of cement with glass powder improves compressive, tensile, and flexural strengths. However, beyond 20%, strength gains plateau or decline due to reduced pozzolanic activity and potential alkali-silica reactions. researchgate.net

• GGBS: Incorporating GGBS enhances concrete durability by increasing resistance to chloride and sulfate attacks and reducing permeability. It also contributes to long-term strength development. theconstructor.org

• Optimal Mix: The combination of 20% glass powder and 15% GGBS yields the highest compressive strength (55.19 MPa at 28 days), along with improved tensile (5.26 MPa) and flexural (7.98 MPa) strengths.

Conclusion

Based on the above research, the following analysis was conducted on the synthetic glass powder and GGBS with mineral additives as partial replacement of cement. 1) Its operation is low according to the glass powder ratio in the transition. 2) The results showed that the maximum percentage of glass powder replacing cement was formed when the glass powder content was 20%. 3) The highest concrete properties were obtained with the concrete mixture containing 20% glass powder and 15% GGBS compared to other mixtures. 4) The test results showed that the strength of the concrete combined with glass powder and GGBS was increased better than that of the glass powder concrete mixture. 5) It is seen that when 20% glass powder is used, the compressive strength increases by 9.57%, the tensile strength increases by 15.26% and the flexural strength increases by 13.49% compared to traditional concrete. 6) Compared to ordinary concrete, using 20% glass powder and 15% GGBS can increase the compressive strength by 14.40%, the tensile strength by 33.84% and the flexural strength by 19.64%.

References

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Copyright

Copyright © 2025 G Madhava Swamy, P Sucharitha. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.